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This technical document explains the rationale for an emission trading system (ETS) and sets out a 10-step process for designing an ETS – each step involves a series of decisions or actions that will shape major features of the policy. In doing so, the document draws both on conceptual analysis and on some of the most important practical lessons learned to date from implementing ETSs around the world, including from the European Union, several provinces and cities in China, California and Québec, the Northeastern United States, Alberta, New Zealand, Kazakhstan, the Republic of Korea, Tokyo, and Saitama.

This analytical document shows that Uganda’s GET FiT Solar Facility will provide a performance-based subsidy of USc 5.37/kWh to lower the cost to Ugandan consumers of the electricity produced from four 5 MW solar plants bid by two developers at an average price of USc 16.37/kWh. This document also analyzes the bidding process and the lessons learned, for possible replication in other developing countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.

This guidance document presents that premature death and disease can be prevented through healthier environments. This report covers more than 100 diseases and injuries by analysing the latest data on the environment-disease nexus and the devastating impact of environmental hazards and risks on global health, together with expert opinions. 

This policy document has been prepared to support the Subsidiary Body for Implementation in its annual monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the framework for capacitybuilding in developing countries in accordance with decisions 2/CP.7 and 29/CMP.1. The report draws on information synthesized from national communications, biennial update reports, biennial reports, the 2015 annual report of the Executive Board of the clean development mechanism to the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol and the 2015 annual report of the Nairobi Framework Partnership.

This policy document aims to inform discussions during the 5th meeting of the Durban Forum for in-depth discussion on capacity-building. The report compiles and synthesizes information on capacity-building contained in reports published by relevant bodies established under the Convention and its Kyoto Protocol and by the operating entities of the Financial Mechanism and the Adaptation Fund Board from the 4th meeting of the Durban Forum to the end of December 2015. 

This guidance document shows that modern district energy as the most effective approach for many cities to transition to sustainable heating and cooling, by improving energy efficiency and enabling higher shares of renewables. 

This guidance document provides an overview of the current challenges to financing and the solutions needed. The report also highlights the critical steps required to accelerate and scale up financing, accumulate more data on climate-related finance flows to cities, and the innovative tools and instruments that can be replicated and scaled.

This guidance dodocument proposes recommendations on how to close the gap between education and action on climate change. The document states that effective policy related to climate change education requires not only a commitment to teach and learn but a commitment to act. 

This guidance document aims to promote uncertainty quantification, because quantifying uncertainty has the potential to foster more robust climate-change mitigation plans. To this end, the report also summarises the rationale for quantifying uncertainty in greenhouse-gas emission scenario projections.

This guidance document shows a snapshot of recent or ongoing initiatives to protect children from the danger of climate change around the world. The document highlights the increasing threats that children face as a result of climate change, including emergencies resulting from climate-related disasters, and Unicef’s work to increase communities’ resilience and safeguard children’s rights in these contexts.

This guidance document presents that the challenge of food security in Africa will intensify in the coming decades. Climate change will further exacerbate the risks facing agriculture in Africa, which is dominated by small farms with few assets and limited capacities to adapt.

This guidance document presents that climate change adds to the urgency of sustainable urban planning and management and to the a broad set of challenges for many city governments revolving around providing jobs, services and housing to growing urban populations.

This guidance document presents that droughts, violent storms, sea-level rise and other changes are destabilizing critical ecosystems, undermining economic activity and jeopardizing livelihoods across the globe. The document also suggests that urgent actions are needed to drastically cut greenhouse gas emissions, invest in adaptation and build resilience to the growing impacts of our rapidly warming world.

This activity report lays out the new programming strategy for the July 1, 2014 to June 30, 2018 period. Building on the Green Environmental Facility’s (GEF) solid experience in financing climate change adaptation, the Strategy presents the programming priorities for the next four years.

This guidance document presents at how children, and particularly the most vulnerable, are affected by climate change as well as what concrete steps need to be taken to protect them. The document states that today’s children, and their children, are the ones who will live with the consequences of climate change.

This guidance document provides information and suggestions concerning a partnership between countries interested in and committed to greening their economy and the Partnership for Action on Green Economy (PAGE). It serves as a resource for national governments and institutions undertaking PAGE-supported analysis and policy reforms, as well as international partners engaged in PAGE and green economy action. 

This guidance document is part of a series of learning briefs, which draw experiences and lessons learned from working on ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) within the global Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) in Mountain Ecosystems Programme from 2011 to 2015. 

The first brief provides an introduction to Ecosystem-based Adaptation.

The second brief makes the case for EbA by presenting how it can generate multiple environmental, social and economic benefits. 

The third brief highlights how cost-benefit analysis (CBA) can be used to make the economic case for EbA.

The forth brief highlights how the Mountain EbA Programme has made the case for the policy changes that will need to happen at community, district, regional, national and global levels to bring about this shift in scale.

This guidance document aims to distinguish green bonds from other traditional financial instruments. The document will also provide insight into the potential of green bonds to mobilize new sources of climate finance.

This guidance document aims to guide policy makers on how to promote gender equality across all levels of policy and programming in climate change, and to provide them with the necessary tools to do so.

This activity report outlines UNDP’s decades-long support to partner countries to tackle climate change with a mix of infographics and country case examples.