Biblioteca

This brochure argues that climate change is not gender neutral. Women are increasingly being seen as more vulnerable than men to the effects of climate change because they represent the majority of the world’s poor and are proportionally more dependent on threatened natural resources. Additionally, women tend to play a greater role than men in natural resource management – farming, planting, protecting and caring for seedlings and small trees – and in ensuring nutrition and as care providers for their families. The document also presents what the International Labour Organization (ILO) is doing to promote women’s involvement in green jobs and suggests further action. Also available in Portuguese.

This activity report provides an overview of the World Bank – European Space Agency (ESA) collaboration until November 2011, and an insight into the services contents. The collaboration began in 2008 with initial, small-scale Earth observations demonstrations for three World Bank projects. Twelve Bank projects are currently benefiting from the initiative in the following domains: climate change adaptation, disaster risk management, urban development, agriculture and forest management, water resources management, coastal zones management, and marine environment management. Initial results from these projects are presented in this report.

This analytical report provides an overview of what climate change will mean to subsistence and smallholder farmers in Lesotho, and how the capacity for climate change adaptation in agriculture can be strengthened, focusing on selected areas of crops, livestock and forest-based livelihood systems, to stabilize and improve yields. It draws on experiences and lessons learned from a pilot Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)/Government of Lesotho project, and makes recommendations as to how on-the-ground community-based responses could be scaled up to other parts of the country, and possibly to other vulnerable countries across southern Africa.

This activity report consists of the report from an international workshop organized by the World Bank, the UK’s Department for International Development, the Institute of Development Studies, and the UN Economic Commission for Africa on “Making Social Protection Work for Pro-poor Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation” in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 14-17 March 2011. The workshop brought together policy makers, practitioners and researchers from the fields of social protection, climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction and had two core objectives: to understand better how social protection can be used to strengthen the poor’s resilience to climate and natural disaster risk in developing countries; to create a forum for cross-regional learning about good practice for realizing the potential synergies between social protection, disaster risk reduction, and climate change adaptation.

This policy document presents the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) strategy for action on climate change. The strategy is structured around three main objectives: 1) building and maintaining the climate change knowledge base: science, assessment, monitoring and early warning; 2) promoting mitigation of and adaptation to climate change, including through enhanced education and public awareness; and 3) moving towards a climate-neutral UNESCO.

This manual reviews options for international financing of adaptation activities and projects in developing countries. It examines both public and private sources of funding and presents the most important technical criteria and concepts used by public donors and private financiers in evaluating proposals. In particular, it provides a number of concrete tools and recommendations to help interested countries, such as: an overview of international public funding sources dedicated to adaptation investments, seven fundamental eligibility criteria for accessing international public funding and guidance on how to apply these concepts to project ideas, a template for developing/presenting adaptation project ideas to international donors; and an overview of critical concepts and requirements for accessing private financing for adaptation and a number of instructive case studies.

This manual describes crop and livestock management technologies and practices that contribute to climate change mitigation while improving crop productivity, reducing reliance on synthetic fertilizers, and lowering water consumption. In particular it focuses on the following six broad mitigation measures: cropland management; livestock management; manure/bio-solid management; bioenergy; grazing land management/pasture improvement; and the management of organic soils and restoration of degraded lands. The document includes both technologies that are mature and available for use, as well as those with future potential.

This technical document analyzes the potential impacts of climate change on crop pollination. It aims to provide a review of the literature on crop pollination, with a focus on the effects of climate change on pollinators important for global crop production, and to present an overview of available data on the temperature sensitivity of crop pollinators and entomophilous crops. It also identifies data needs and sampling techniques to answer questions related to effects of climate change on pollination, and makes recommendations on the recording and management of pollinator interactions data.

This brochure highlights the need for an integrated approach to food security, poverty and climate change. It stresses that climate-smart agriculture seeks to increase sustainable productivity, strengthen farmers’ resilience, reduce agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions and increase carbon sequestration. It strengthens food security and delivers environmental benefits. The document also presents country examples of climate-smart agriculture in action and concludes discussing next steps.

This manual provides a set of indicators that can be used to carry out assessments of the impacts of bioenergy on food security. In particular, it describes a methodology for assessing, through different steps and tiers, the effects of bioenergy use and domestic production on the price and supply of a national food basket. It also focuses on the project level and provides a tool that can be used to assess how an existing or planned agricultural operation with a bioenergy component may affect food security. The last chapter of the document discusses a range of possible responses to address the impacts identified at both national and project levels.

This analytical report describes twelve renewable energy technologies that could replace or reduce the use of conventional energy sources in Nepal. These dozen technologies are not just theoretically possible; on the contrary some have been successfully tested and used in other parts of the world.

This technical document synthesizes the information provided by Parties and relevant organizations on the revision of the joint implementation (JI) guidelines, taking into consideration their experience of implementing the flexible mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol and the recommendations on options for building on the approach embodied in JI. It includes experiences gained and lessons learned in the operation of JI, as well as challenges, barriers and areas for improving the JI guidelines. In total, five submissions were received from Parties, one was received from an intergovernmental organization and two were received from admitted observer organizations.

This technical document presents a summary of the views submitted by Parties and admitted observer organizations relating to modalities and procedures for financing results-based actions and considering activities related to decision 1/CP.16, paragraphs 68–70 and 72 regarding reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, and the role of conservation, sustainable use of forests and enhancement of carbon stock (REDD+). It covers the range of financing options identified by Parties and admitted observer organizations, the key substantive elements that could be relevant for the development of modalities and procedures and lists issues that may require further exploration.

This manual aims to assist investment project formulation practitioners in incorporating climate change considerations into agricultural investment projects and programmes. The main focus is on project/programme formulation (i.e. identification and design), although some aspects of supervision and evaluation are also presented. The manual is intended for national and international staff and consultants, as well as government staff involved in mobilizing investment for agriculture and rural development, mainly through assistance to project or programme identification, formulation and supervision. It is meant to apply to investment projects or programmes in agriculture and rural development (agriculture in the broad sense, including fisheries, livestock and forestry).

This analytical report highlights that cycling, walking and rapid transit systems are associated with a wide range of potential health benefits that climate assessment needs to consider more systematically. Health benefits may include: physical activity from walking and cycling, which can help prevent heart disease, some cancers, type 2 diabetes, and some obesity-related risks; lower urban air pollution concentrations; lower rates of traffic injury risks for users of dedicated bicycle and pedestrian networks; and less noise stress. Transport systems that prioritize active transport and rapid transit systems, along with better urban land use, also can help improve access for vulnerable groups, including children, the elderly, people with disabilities, and lower wage earners, enhancing health equity.

This analytical report presents selected results of spatial analyses to explore biodiversity benefits and risks from REDD+ in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The findings confirm that there is great potential in the country. Areas that store large amounts of biomass carbon overlap with areas of importance for biodiversity. Furthermore, the overlay analyses of existing land designations and biomass carbon highlight the need for the effective and sustainable management of designated areas in order to reduce environmental harm and secure the valuable assets they contain. These spatial analyses can help ensure that REDD+ implementation realizes multiple benefits by supporting the application of national-level social and environmental standards, informing the development of REDD+ scenarios, and by communicating the potential for multiple benefits from REDD+.

This activity report provides a summary of the in-session workshop on increasing the level of ambition under paragraph 8 of decision 1/CP.17. The workshop, held in Bonn, Germany, on 21 May 2012, during the first negotiating session in 2012, provided an opportunity for participants to deepen their understanding of the ambition gap and discuss options and ways for increasing ambition. The presentations and discussion examined the role of national governments, the private sector and international cooperation in enhancing action, and in mobilizing the critical resources and support needed to promote action.

This technical document assesses the strengths and weaknesses in the capacity building services being provided against Viet Nam REDD+ readiness needs. It notices that in the space of three years, capacity building and training efforts have transformed REDD+ from a little-known concept to one which is recognized, discussed and on the agenda of the Government of Viet Nam and that alongside awareness raising at a national level, substantial progress has been made in capacity building for policy development and environmental safeguards. However key gaps remain. Recommendations for addressing these gaps are provided in the last section of the document.

This technical document assesses the strengths and weaknesses in the capacity building services being provided against the Philippines REDD+ readiness needs. It notices that in the space of three years, capacity building and training efforts have transformed REDD+ from a little-known concept to one which is recognized, discussed and on the agenda of the Government of the Philippines and that alongside awareness raising at a national level, substantial progress has been made in capacity building for policy development and environmental safeguards. However key gaps remain. Recommendations for addressing these gaps are provided in the last section of the document.

This technical document assesses the strengths and weaknesses in the capacity building services being provided against Indonesia REDD+ readiness needs. It notices that in the space of three years, capacity building and training efforts have transformed REDD+ from a little-known concept to one which is recognized, discussed and on the agenda of the Government of Indonesia and that alongside awareness raising at a national level, substantial progress has been made in capacity building for policy development and environmental safeguards. However key gaps remain. Recommendations for addressing these gaps are provided in the last section of the document.